Digital Poetry

Não! (No!)

1982

Created in 1982 and exhibited on an electronic signboard in 1984 at the Centro Cultural Cândido Mendes, Rio de Janeiro (in Portuguese). "Não!" is organized in text blocks which circulate in virtual space at equal intervals, leaving the screen blank prior to the flow of the next text block. The visual rhythm thus created alternates between appearance and disappearance of the fragmented verbal material, asking the reader to link them semantically as the letters go by. The internal visual tempo of the poem is added to the subjective performance of the reader. A video edition of 5 was also released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Geometria do Êxtase (Geometry of Ecstasy)

1982

In this poem we look straight down at the top surface of a cube. An invisible light source orbits the cube, casting verbal shadows that can be seen gyrating clockwise, much in the manner of a sundial. As new shadows are cast, the letters permutate to produce new words in multiple languages. The poem executes in a loop. Originally written in BASIC, it was part of a series of experimental ASCII works that Kac created in the early 1980s.

Reabracadabra

1985

Minitel animated poem shown online in 1985 in the group exhibition "Arte On-Line", a minitel art gallery presented by Companhia Telefônica de São Paulo. An incantatory word of Kabbalistic resonance is rendered as a cosmic monolith following the atomic model (the vowel as nucleus and the consonants as orbiting particles). Collections include the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, and Tate, London.

OCO (Hollow)

1985

OCO explores the three-dimensional architecture of the letters O, C, and I, and the multiple meanings (in Portuguese) that emerge when the letter I rhythmically appears and disappears. These meanings emerge through the cognitive associations made by the viewer as well as the perceived spatial relationships between the letters. Originally presented in 1985 as an interactive holopoem (lost; remade in 2023), OCO was recreated in 1990 as an interactive digital poem. A video edition of 5 was released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Tesão (Horny)

1985/86

Minitel animated poem shown online in the group exhibition Brazil High-Tech (1986), a minitel art gallery organized by Eduardo Kac and Flavio Ferraz and presented by Companhia Telefônica de São Paulo. Words (in Portuguese) emerge and disappear through layers of lines and color masses, forming an ephemeral digital graffiti. Collections include Tate, London; Thoma Foundation, Chicago; and Harn Museum of Art, Gainesville, Florida.

Recaos (Rechaos)

1986

Minitel animated poem shown online in the group exhibition Brazil High-Tech (1986), a minitel art gallery organized by Eduardo Kac and Flavio Ferraz and presented by Companhia Telefônica de São Paulo. Letters forming the word "caos" (chaos, in Portuguese) ricochet off the edge of the screen to simultaneously form the open-ended hourglass outline and the infinity symbol. As they zigzag, the letters overlap suggesting new meanings. Collection: Reina Sofía Museum (Archivo Lafuente), Madrid/Santander, Spain.

D|EU|S (De|i|ty)

1986

Minitel animated poem shown online in the group exhibition Brazil High-Tech (1986), a minitel art gallery organized by Eduardo Kac and Flavio Ferraz and presented by Companhia Telefônica de São Paulo. Upon close scrutiny, the apparently random letters and numbers that form the barcode reveal hidden meanings (in Portuguese). Collection: Tate, London.

IO

1990

Three-dimensional navigational poem in which the letters/numbers I and O appear as elements of an imaginary landscape. IO is "I" in Italian. In this piece it also stands for reconciled differences (one/zero, line/circle, etc.). The reader is invited to explore the space created by the stylized letters/numbers and experience it both as an abstract environment and as a visual text. In the expanded cosmogonal self the dot of the letter “i” is the sun. A video edition of 5 was released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Storms

1993

An interactive hypertext piece based on the sefirotic tree of the Kabbalah. "Storms" is organized in vocalic and consonantal bifurcations. To navigate through the poem one is invited to click on a letter at any given time. In some instances, navigation can also take place by clicking outside the word. If the reader does not make a choice, that is, if he or she does not click on a vowel or consonant, or in some instances also on empty space, the reader will remain stationary. The poem does not have an ending. This means that one can continue to explore different textual navigation possibilities or quit at any time. A video edition of 5 was also released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Watch

1993

Words swirl, cross the threshold of visible boundaries, and leave traces of their trajectories. Verbal material that evokes oscillations among thought, emotion, and action has the same visual valence, suggesting further fluctuations between spatial discreteness and temporal continuities.

Accident

1994

Runtime looped animation in which language continuously emerges and disappears. As a speech fragment is repeated and letters disappear from it, new meanings emerge. A video edition of 5 was released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

UPC

1994

In this looped and silent installation-poem 7-foot-tall letters are projected against the wall. They emerge out of focus on the right, move across diagonally into focus, and disappear again out of focus to the left. Literal and at the same time metaphorical, the verbal material evokes multiple analogies: "Nothing Above To Left Or Right Nothing Below". A video edition of 5 was released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Insect.Desperto

1995

Runtime animation in which the visual and sound tracks function independently and complementarily in two languages (English and Portuguese), one not being the translation of the other. “Desperto” means “awaken” in Portuguese. Originally a runtime looped animation, it was later converted to Flash and mp4. Collection: Kanbas.

Secret

1996

The words in "Secret" are dispersed in the semantic darkness of a potential space. The reader is invited to navigate this space and create verbal and visual links between immaterial presences, voids, and distant signs. This VRML navigational poem was the first poem written directly in VRML. A video edition of 5 was released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Wine

1996

A delicate and silent animation. It suggests an inebriated mental state in which foreground and background blend in almost undifferentiated fashion. The poem articulates the fleeting apparitions of the words from within themselves, as if one word would write another. Words will momentarily manifest themselves in unexpected areas on the screen, often bordering the very edge. The piece communicates as much through the verbal apparitions as it does through their carefully orchestrated evanescence. A video edition of 5 was released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Letter

1996

A navigational poem that presents the viewer with the image of a three-dimensional spiral jetting off the center of a two-dimensional spiral. Both spirals are made exclusively of text. The reader is able to grab and spin this cosmic verbal image in all directions. Thus, reading becomes a process of probing the virtual object from all possible angles. The reader is also able to fly through and around the object, thus expanding reading possibilities. In "Letter" a spiraling cone made of words can be interpreted as both converging to or diverging from the flat one. Together they may evoke the creation or destruction of a star. All texts are created as if they were fragments of letters written to the same person. However, in order to convey a particular emotional sphere, the author conflated the subject positions of grandmother, mother, and daughter into one addressee. It is not possible to distinguish to whom each fragment is addressed. The poem makes reference to moments of death and birth in the poet's family. Collection: Kanbas.

Reversed Mirror

1997

A 7-minute, single-channel digital videopoem (edition of 5). This work takes language into a domain of trance where the subtle dissolution and reconfiguration of verbal particles is charged with a feeling that is at once calm and tense. Collections include ZKM | Zentrum für Kunst und Medien, Karlsruhe, Germany; Museo Extremeño e Iberoamericano de Arte Contemporáneo, Badajoz, Spain; the collection of Alfredo Hertzog da Silva, São Paulo; and Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo. Watch it on Vimeo.

Perhaps

1998/99

This is the first poem written specifically for Internet2. The poem is a world with 26 avatars, each a different word. Each reader, in order to read the poem, must establish his or her own presence in this textworld through a verbal avatar. As remote participants choose a word and log on with their word-avatar, their word choices help determine the semantic sphere of that particular readerly experience. Once in the world, they make decisions about where to go. In so doing, they move towards or away from other words (i.e., towards or away from other participants), producing a syntax of transient meanings based on the constant movement, as well as the approximation and isolation of the words. For example: the word “blood” moving towards the word “abloom” has a very different meaning from the word “titanium” moving away from the word “violet”. Here is the complete list of avatars readers may choose from: abloom, blood, canyon, daze, eleventh, fabric, grace, hour, ion, jet, kayak, lumen, mist, nebula, oblivion, pluvial, quanta, radial, sole, titanium, umbra, violet, when, xeric, year, zenith. This poem was experimentally read online throughout 1999 using a special server in the Art and Technology Department of The School of the Art Institute of Chicago. A video edition of 5 was released. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

Outrossim [Otherwise]

2013

This work is composed of two different anamorphic QR codes in a 40-foot (12-meter) vitrine. Once the lens of the cell phone converts the distorted images into squares, the QR app in the phone automatically reads the two codes and renders the animations visible. The poem has two complementary animations, each accessed through one of the distinct anamorphic QR codes. The code seen on each side of the vitrine offers the reader not only a distinct visual perspective, but also a different approach to the meanings of the poem. Collection: Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC-USP), São Paulo.

French translation

Titânio [Titanium]

2021

Looped poem